Internal-combustion engine



(I. P. WWW. IINTERNAL cpMBusnoN ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED J-ULY13,1920.

. Patented Oct. W, W22

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

6, P. SMITH; IINTEIRNALCOMBUSTJON ENGINE.

' APPLlCATlON FILED .IULY13, 1920.

I Pmnmdocm. 1922".

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attozwzg I C; P. SMITH. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION F-ILE'D JULY13,19'20.I v

Pmbemfl @ct. W 111N511 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- attozmg fill-TABLES 1P. SMITH, 01" WHITE PINE, TENNESSEE, ASSIG-NOR T ONE-TD TO BALWIN HARLE, "01F MORRISTOWN, TENNESSEE, AND UNlE-THIRJD T0 JOHN G.

MOORE, OF WHITE lPINlE, TENNESSEE.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENQINE Application tiled} July 13,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES SMITH, a citizen of the United States of America, re- 'siding at. White Pine, in the county of Jefferson and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification." Y

My present invention relates enerally to internal combustion engines, an more particularly to air cooled engines, my object be ing the provision of an internal combustion motor including air cooling means applied internally as distinguished from a mere exl5 such that the operation of the motor as a whole will be greatly benefited by virtue of thorough scavenging of the cylinders and expulsion of all of the burned gases.

According to my present invention each cylinder, immediately following the opening of its exhaust port, is subjected to a jet of air under sufficient pressure to thoroughly clean out all of the burnedgases and at the same time cool the cylinder and in particular cool its combustion space so as to effectively prevent pre-ignitionand in this way avoid overheating.-

also propose an arrangement in connection with which the usual surface radiation of heat can freely take placeland in which the intake of each cylinder for the air cooling and scavenging jet' is controlled by means which may-also be utilized for the control of the exhaust port yvhereby permanent control of these two ports in properly timed relation is absolutely assured.

My present application also particularly proposes a means of supplying air under to pressure capable of being driven by the engine in connection with which 1t 1t utihzed, together with means whereby the same may be rendered ineffective in so far as supply of air to the combustion cylinders is concerned,

l5 under control of the operator.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention and form a part of this specification,

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation illus- 50 trating the practical application of'my in-' vention,

Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section taken on line 2-2 of Fi ure 1,

Fi ure 3 is a vertica transverse section ternal surface cooling, the'nature of which is 1920. Serial No. 395356.;

through one of the combustion taken. substantially on line 33 of Figure 4- is a horizontal section Figure 5 is a relief valve, and v Figure 6 is a side view of one of the cylinder valves 7 Referring now to these figures, T have shown a four cylinder four cycle type of internal combustion motor in which the cyllnders 10,11, 12 and 13 are provided with opposed pairs of intake'valves 14 upon the cylinder heads 15 andin'communication with the cylinders through intake ports 16 of these cylinder heads, each cylinder being in accordance with my invention provided at one side with an exhaust port 17 communicating with the exhaust manifold 18 and with an air intake port 19 at a point diametrically opposite the exhaust port 17. The exhaustport 17 and the air intake port 19 of each cylinder are controlled by a sleeve valve 20 which slides vertically in the cylinder and has diametrically opposed exhaust and intake apertures 21 and 22, the former of which is set slightly in advance of the latter, that is slightly nearer .to the inner end of the sleeve so that in operation the exhaust port 17 will be uncovered slightly in advance of the uncovering of the intake port 190- 5 Each valve sleeve 20 is actuated by an cecentric 23 .on a valve actuating shaft 24: extending along the lower portions of the severalcylinders and provided with a sprocket wheel 25 at its forward end engaged by a sprocket chain 26 which also engages a sprocket wheel 27 on the engine or crank shaft 28, This crank shaft has the usual cranks 29 joined by connecting rods 30 with the operating pistons 31 of the engine cylinderswhich move Within the valve sleeves 20 before described.

At its forward end the motor has a fan shaft 32 on whichthe usual surface radiation fan 33 is mounted, this fan having a sprocket 34: above the sprockets 25' and 27 'ust above mentioned Which is also engaged y the sprocket chain 26, and it will be noted from Figure 2 that the chain 26 may also engage a. sprocket 35 on the shaft 36 controlling'the gas intake valves 14:, which form the subject matter of a separate application.

The sleeve valve controlling shaft 2A- is cylinders Figure. 1,

detailsection through the driven at a speed one half of that of the crank shaft 28 and thus during every second revolution of the latter, the sleeve valve 20 of each cylinder comes into upper effective position, its exhaust opening 21 first registering with the exhaust port 17 so that pressure in the combustion space is relieved slightly in advance of the registering of its air intake opening 22 'with the air intake port 19. When the openings of the sleeve valve 20 of each cylinder thus registerwith their respective ports, air is jetted into and through the combustion space in sufiicient volume to thoroughly scavenge out all of the products of the previous explosion and at the same time cool the combustion space to an extent amply sufficient to avoid overheating, in cooperation with the usual surface radiation fan 33, the several combustion cylinders being preferably provided with surface radiation fins as seen in Figure 1.

In accordance with my present invention I preferably supply air to the several cylinder air'intake ports 19 through branches 37 leading from an air supply pipe 38, the lat-- :ter extending from a fan casing 39 in which a centrifugal fan 40 operates. This casing 39 is preferably mounted at the forward end of the motor so that the fan 40 may be belt connected as at 41 to the engine crank shaft.

The fan 40 Will thus develop a steady blast of air through the pipe 38, which successively finds i s way through thecombustion spaces of. the several cylinders as the sleeve valves of the cylinders move upwardly into registry with their respective. air intake ports.

The pipe 38 is preferably provided in its length with a valve 42 normally held closed by a spring 43, and engageable by one arm of a bell crank 44, the other arm of which is connected by a flexible connection 45 with a dash adjusting member 46 so that rearward pull upon this member 46 by the op erator will result in opening the valve 42 so that air may rush out of the pipe 38 instead of into the explosive cylinders. In this way I provide for deflection of the coolmg air when starting a cold motor, in order to conserve for the time being all of the heat developed by the explosions, in the warming up of the engine.

It is thus obvious my invention proposes an arrangement in which the ordinary troubles'of water cooled engines, asto the filling of radiators, prevention of freezing and othercares and details, are avoided, the means proposed by my invention to this end being adapted to effectively prevent overheating and yet enable the motor to maintain the maximum heat at which it is most effective and at which most thorough and complete combustion'is obtained. It is furthermore obvious that the means proposed by my invention will also act as a thorough scavengingarrangement, reducing to a mimimum .the collection of carbon incthe explosive cylinders, and the disadvantages thereof.

I claim:

1. An air cooled internal combustion engine including combustion cylinders each of which has intake and exhaust ports and is additionally provided with an air intake opening diametrically opposite to the exhaust port, a valve controlling the air intake and the exhaust port and-operating to open the air intakewhen the exhaust port is open, means in connection with the engine forming a source of constant air pressure, and connections leading from said means to the air intake openings'of the several cylinders.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a combustion cylinder having a fuel intake and exhaust and having an air intake diametrically opposite to the exhaust, a valve sleeve axially movable in the cylinder having ports simultaneously controlling the exhaust and air intake and operating to open the latter when the exhaust is open, a piston moving within the sleeve and operatively connected to the sleeve, an air supply pipe connected to the air intake, a fan casing from which the said pipe leads, and a fan in the casing, operatively connected to the piston to provide a constant blast of air in the said air pipe.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

CHARLES P. SMITH. 

